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MONOGRAPH No. 023
TYPE
Glycoprotein hormone (not a peptide)
MW
~36,700 Da
CAS
9002-61-3
EU STATUS
Rx-only medicine + Research grade
WADA
Prohibited S2 (in males)
MIN PURITY
By bioassay / IU/mg
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Growth Hormone Axis

HCG — EU research guide.

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is a glycoprotein hormone produced during pregnancy that mimics LH, stimulating testosterone production in males and supporting ovulation in females. It is an EMA-approved medicine with multiple clinical applications.

Last reviewed:

What is HCG?

HCG is a heterodimeric glycoprotein consisting of an alpha subunit (shared with LH, FSH, TSH) and a unique beta subunit that confers LH-like specificity. It binds LH/hCG receptors in Leydig cells to stimulate testosterone biosynthesis in males. In females it triggers ovulation. Its long half-life (~24–36 h) versus LH (~60 min) makes it pharmacologically useful in fertility medicine.

What does the research show?

Well-established pharmaceutical profile across decades of clinical use in hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, male fertility, IVF protocols and weight management (controversially). Research interest includes Leydig cell function, HPG axis restoration post-anabolic steroid suppression, and comparative efficacy versus clomiphene in male hypogonadism.

EU legal status

HCG is an EMA-approved prescription medicine (Pregnyl, Ovitrelle, etc.). Research-grade HCG is available from research vendors for laboratory endocrinology research. WADA prohibits HCG in males in sport (S2). Research-grade HCG is not a substitute for pharmaceutical HCG in any clinical or fertility context.

⚠ EMA-approved Rx medicine. WADA-prohibited in males (S2). Research-grade HCG ≠ pharmaceutical HCG. Not for human use outside authorised medical prescription. This is a research compound, not a medication.
✓ PeptideCompare lists research-grade HCG from EU vendors. Potency is expressed in International Units (IU) — verify against WHO reference standard.

Molecular information

Molecular weight
~36,700 Da
CAS number
9002-61-3

Pharmacokinetics

Half-life (t½)
≈ 33 h
Source: Biphasic; terminal ~33 h

Potency retained over time

Each line is one storage condition: it starts at 100% and falls as potency is lost. Above the dashed 80% line the material is considered reliable — hover for exact values.

Freezer −20 °C
36+ mo
Stable · >95% potency
Fridge 4 °C
3-4 mo
In use · after recon
Room 20 °C
10-13 days
Limited · moderate loss
Warm 37 °C+
2-3 days
Critical · rapid degradation

⚠ Modelled per compound from molecular structure — chain length, cyclisation, oxidation- and deamidation-prone residues and light sensitivity. Indicative only, not lab-measured per batch.

HCG across EU suppliers

COA-verified EU vendors · Updated monthly

Frequently asked questions

What is HCG? ▾

HCG is a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with an alpha subunit shared with LH, FSH and TSH and a unique beta subunit. It binds LH/hCG receptors in Leydig cells to stimulate testosterone in males and triggers ovulation in females.

Is HCG a peptide? ▾

No. It is a large glycoprotein hormone (~36,700 Da), which distinguishes it from the peptides that make up most of this encyclopedia.

What does the research show? ▾

It has a well-established pharmaceutical profile across decades of clinical use in hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, male fertility and IVF. Research interest includes HPG-axis restoration after anabolic-steroid suppression and comparison with clomiphene in male hypogonadism.

Why does HCG last longer than LH? ▾

Its long half-life of roughly 24 to 36 hours, versus about 60 minutes for LH, makes it pharmacologically useful in fertility medicine because it sustains LH-like receptor stimulation.

Is HCG legal in the EU? ▾

The pharmaceutical form is EMA-approved on prescription (Pregnyl, Ovitrelle). Research-grade HCG is sold for laboratory endocrinology research only.

Is HCG banned in sport? ▾

Yes. WADA prohibits HCG in males (S2) because it can raise endogenous testosterone.

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