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MONOGRAPH No. 127
EVIDENCE BASELimited
TYPE
Native GHRH (44 aa)
MW
Peptide (undisclosed formulation)
CAS
Not assigned
EU STATUS
Not marketed · Analogues used instead
WADA
Prohibited S2
MIN PURITY
≥98% HPLC
Growth Hormone Axis

Native GHRH — EU research guide.

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is the natural hypothalamic signal that triggers the pituitary's own GH pulses — the parent hormone behind every GHRH analogue on the market, from sermorelin to tesamorelin and CJC-1295.

Last reviewed:

What is native GHRH?

Native GHRH is a 44-amino-acid hypothalamic peptide (only residues 1-29 are needed for full activity) that binds the pituitary GHRH receptor to release stored growth hormone. It has an extremely short half-life in circulation — a limitation every GHRH analogue since has tried to engineer around.

Why analogues are used instead

Because native GHRH degrades within minutes, essentially all clinical and research use today relies on modified analogues instead: sermorelin (GHRH 1-29; the US product Geref was discontinued by its manufacturer in 2008), tesamorelin (stabilised, FDA-approved for HIV lipodystrophy) and CJC-1295 (extended half-life via a Drug Affinity Complex). Unmodified GHRH itself sees little standalone use.

EU legal status

Not marketed as a standalone medicine; GHRH and its analogues fall under WADA's S2 peptide-hormone category, prohibited in sport due to their growth-hormone-releasing effect.

⚠ WADA-prohibited class (S2) for competitive athletes. Native (unmodified) GHRH has a very short half-life and limited standalone research use compared with its analogues.
✓ For the stabilised analogues actually used in research and clinical settings, PeptideCompare tracks Sermorelin, CJC-1295 and Tesamorelin from EU research vendors with COA documentation.
EVIDENCE SUMMARY
LIMITED
GH release in healthy men (1983) — In a small study of seven healthy men, single intravenous injections of synthetic GHRH(1-44) at three dose levels raised circulating growth hormone in a dose-related way within minutes, with peak responses about 30 to 45 minutes after injection. Side effects were minimal, mainly transient flushing.
LIMITED
Very short life in plasma — In humans the intact GHRH(1-44)-NH2 had an intravenous half-life of 6.8 minutes (HPLC) and about 17 minutes in human plasma in vitro. A plasma dipeptidyl peptidase removes the first two amino acids, leaving GHRH(3-44)-NH2, which is essentially inactive.
LIMITED
Licensed GHRH-type medicines are analogues, not the native peptide — The US sermorelin product Geref was discontinued by its manufacturer in 2008, and the FDA later determined this was not for safety or effectiveness reasons. Tesamorelin (the 44-amino-acid sequence plus an N-terminal hexenoyl group) is approved in the US for HIV lipodystrophy; in two 26-week placebo-controlled trials (412 and 404 people) visceral fat area changed by -27 versus +4 cm2 and -21 versus 0 cm2.

Molecular information

Molecular weight
Peptide (undisclosed formulation)
CAS number
Not assigned

Pharmacokinetics

Half-life (t½)
≈ 6.8 min
Source: Frohman et al., J Clin Invest 1986: intact GHRH(1-44)-NH2 after intravenous injection in humans, measured by HPLC (6.8 min; 17 min in human plasma in vitro)
This is the in-body half-life of the intact native hormone, mainly a measure of enzymatic breakdown in blood. It says nothing about how stable a vial of the powder is.

Potency retained over time

Each line is one storage condition: it starts at 100% and falls as potency is lost. Above the dashed 80% line the material is considered reliable — hover for exact values.

Freezer −20 °C
36+ mo
Stable · >95% potency
Fridge 4 °C
4-5 wks
In use · after recon
Room 20 °C
5-6 days
Avoid · increased loss
Warm 37 °C+
<1 day
Critical · rapid degradation

⚠ Modelled per compound from molecular structure — chain length, cyclisation, oxidation- and deamidation-prone residues and light sensitivity. Indicative only, not lab-measured per batch.

GH-axis compounds across EU suppliers

COA-verified EU vendors · Updated monthly

References

  1. A small 1983 physiology study of synthetic GHRH(1-44) in seven healthy men: growth hormone rose within minutes and side effects were minor. It shows the peptide is biologically active in humans; it is not a treatment trial and says nothing about long-term use. Rosenthal SM, Schriock EA, Kaplan SL, Guillemin R, Grumbach MM. Synthetic human pancreas growth hormone-releasing factor (hpGRF1-44-NH2) stimulates growth hormone secretion in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983;57(3):677-679. DOIPubMed 6409919
  2. Shows that native GHRH(1-44)-NH2 is broken down in blood within minutes (6.8 minutes after intravenous injection in humans) by removal of its first two amino acids. The core reason analogues were developed; an old, small study. Frohman LA, Downs TR, Williams TC, Heimer EP, Pan YC, Felix AM. Rapid enzymatic degradation of growth hormone-releasing hormone by plasma in vitro and in vivo to a biologically inactive product cleaved at the NH2 terminus. J Clin Invest. 1986;78(4):906-913. Source
  3. Follow-up work identifying dipeptidylpeptidase IV and trypsin-like enzymes as the plasma enzymes that degrade GHRH. Mechanistic laboratory work, not a clinical trial. Frohman LA, Downs TR, Heimer EP, Felix AM. Dipeptidylpeptidase IV and trypsin-like enzymatic degradation of human growth hormone-releasing hormone in plasma. J Clin Invest. 1989;83(5):1533-1540. Source
  4. US label of tesamorelin, the stabilised GHRH(1-44) analogue: indication (HIV lipodystrophy), two 26-week placebo-controlled trials and an 8-minute half-life in healthy subjects. It concerns the licensed analogue, not the native peptide or vendor research vials. EGRIFTA SV (tesamorelin for injection): US prescribing information. US Food and Drug Administration; revised 07/2019. Source
  5. The FDA notice on Geref (sermorelin acetate): the licensed sermorelin injection was discontinued by its manufacturer, and the FDA found this was not for safety or effectiveness reasons. It is a regulatory record, not a clinical study. Food and Drug Administration. Determination that GEREF (sermorelin acetate) injection was not withdrawn from sale for reasons of safety or effectiveness. Fed Regist. 2013;78(42):14095. Source
  6. The 2026 prohibited list, which names GHRH and its analogues (including sermorelin, tesamorelin and CJC-1295) among the prohibited growth hormone releasing factors. A copy published by an anti-doping body; the official WADA list is the reference for athletes. Voluntary Anti-Doping Association. VADA Prohibited List, version 1-1-2026, section S2.2.4 (growth hormone releasing factors). Source

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